Fontcaude
Title
Fontcaude
Also Known As
Fons calidus, Fonchaud, Fontcalda
Dates
Founded 1154; Premonstratensian by 1177; dissolved 1790
Dedication
Mary
Affiliation
Medieval Diocese
Narbonne, later Saint-Pons-de-Thomières
Circary
History
Fontcaude was founded as an Augustinian community. It had becomea Premonstratensian house by 1177, at which point it also became an abbey. Its cloisters were built in the mid-13th century.
The abbey was briefly abandoned in the late 14th and early 15th centuries, with the brothers seeking refuge in La Capelle. It suffered during the Hundred Years' War, and it was also sacked during the Wars of Religion in 1577. From 1468 to 1732, it was a commendatory abbey.
The abbey of Fontcaude was suppressed at the Revolution. The remains of the monastic complex are today used to host cultural events, and it is a stop on the modern Camino de Santiago.
The abbey was briefly abandoned in the late 14th and early 15th centuries, with the brothers seeking refuge in La Capelle. It suffered during the Hundred Years' War, and it was also sacked during the Wars of Religion in 1577. From 1468 to 1732, it was a commendatory abbey.
The abbey of Fontcaude was suppressed at the Revolution. The remains of the monastic complex are today used to host cultural events, and it is a stop on the modern Camino de Santiago.
Status
Abbey
Archival Sources
Montpellier, Archives départementales de l’Hérault
13 H 1-13 H 243 (12th-18th c.; Finding Aid). Holdings incl.:
13 H 1. (17th c.; cartulary)
* BVMM: MONTPELLIER, Archives départementales de l'Hérault, H(13) 0001; ADH
13 H 2. (17th c.; cartulary)
13 H 1-13 H 243 (12th-18th c.; Finding Aid). Holdings incl.:
13 H 1. (17th c.; cartulary)
* BVMM: MONTPELLIER, Archives départementales de l'Hérault, H(13) 0001; ADH
13 H 2. (17th c.; cartulary)
13 H 3. (17th c.; cartulary fragment)
Reference
AD, 256-260
BOP, I: 142-144; II: 167-180
CartulR: « abbaye Sainte-Marie ou Notre-Dame de Fontcaude »
Cottineau, I: cols. 1178-1179
GC, VI: 266-270
Hugo, I: 683-692
MdC: Abadia de Fontcalda
MP, III: 181-184
PAS: Abbey (exterior); church (interior); church (exterior); church (exterior); church (exterior)
POP: Ancienne abbaye de Fontcaude
VW, 90
BOP, I: 142-144; II: 167-180
CartulR: « abbaye Sainte-Marie ou Notre-Dame de Fontcaude »
Cottineau, I: cols. 1178-1179
GC, VI: 266-270
Hugo, I: 683-692
MdC: Abadia de Fontcalda
MP, III: 181-184
PAS: Abbey (exterior); church (interior); church (exterior); church (exterior); church (exterior)
POP: Ancienne abbaye de Fontcaude
VW, 90
Bibliography
Barthès, Henri. Histoire de l’abbaye Sainte-Marie-de-Fontcaude et de ses bienfaiteurs. Corneilhan: H. Barthés, 1979.
———. “Les abbayes de Prémontré en Languedoc: Fontcaude.” In Le monde de chanoines: XIe-XIVe siècles, edited by Marie-Humbert Vicaire, 209–36. Cahiers de Fanjeaux 24. Toulouse: Privat, 1988.
Bondéelle-Souchier, Anne. “L’exploitation des inventaires médiévaux transmis par des copies modernes: l’exemple de l’inventaire de la bibliothèque de Fontcaude.” In Sources for the History of Medieval Books and Libraries, edited by Rita Schlusemann, Joseph M. M. Hermans, and Margriet Hoogvliet, 149–61. Boekhistorische reeks 2. Groningen: Egbert Forsten, 1999.
———. “Un inventaire de la bibliothèque de Fontcaude en 1352.” Analecta Praemonstratensia 74, no. 1/2 (1998): 5–40.
Borst, Arno. “Bernhard von Fontcaude.” In Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, 2:243. Freiburg, 1958.
Brenon, Anne. “Bernard, premier abbé de Fontcaude: un prémontré dans le débat contre l’hérésie à la fin du XIIe siècle.” In Abbatiat et abbés dans l’ordre de Prémontré : actes du 25e colloque du Centre d’études et de recherches prémontrées, tenu à l’abbaye de Tongerlo, Belgique, edited by Dominique-Marie Dauzet and Martine Plouvier, 241–56. Bibliotheca Victorina 17. Turnhout: Brepols, 2005.
Canovas, Guillaume. “La gestion réussie d’une abbaye prémontrée du Bitterrois : les finances de Notre-Dame de Fontcaude (XIIe-XIIIe siècles).” In Les finances dans l’Ordre de Prémontré: Actes officiels des 26e et 27e colloques du Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Prémontrées, Saint-Brieuc - Abbaye de Beauport, 2000 et Arras - Prémontré, 2001, edited by Martine Plouvier and Cécile Souchon, 48–76. Laon: Centre d’études et de recherches prémontrées, 2002.
———. “Le temporel de l’abbaye Notre-Dame de Fontcaude: milieu XIIe-XIIIe siècles: histoire de la prospérité d’une seigneurie ecclésiastique face à son siècle.” M.A. Thesis, University of Montpellier, 1997.
Giry, Joseph. “La résurrection de l’abbaye de Fontcaude.” Bulletin de l’Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier 13 (1982): 105–10.
———. “L’abbaye de Fontcaude et son cloître.” Les cahiers de Saint-Michel de Cuxa 15 (1984): 217–23.
Gondard, Joseph. “L’abbaye de Fontcaude, d’après les documents de Paul Rey.” Bulletin de la Société Archéologique Scientifique et Littéraire de Béziers, Fifth Series, 5 (1969): 5–56. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k96047517/f7.item.
V., J. “L’abbaye de Fontcaude.” Testas de Geis: Bulletin de l’Association littéraire, historique et archéologique de Cazouls-lès-Béziers 11 (1980): 7–14.
Valvekens, Johannes B. “Bernardus Fontis Calidi, abbas O. Praem., et errores sui temporis.” Analecta Praemonstratensia 48 (1972): 143–46.
———. “Miscellanea 2. L’abbaye de Fontcaude.” Analecta Praemonstratensia 54 (1978): 88–89.
Verrees, L. “Le traité de l’abbé Bernard de Fontcaude contre les Vaudois et les Ariens.” Analecta Praemonstratensia 31 (1955): 5–35.
Vignes(-Dumas), Claire. “L’abbaye de Fontcaude. Étude historique.” Analecta Praemonstratensia 52 (1976): 142–55.
———. “Les chapiteaux du cloître de l’abbaye de Fontcaude.” Bulletin Monumental 135, no. 3 (1977): 181–93. https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmo.1977.5606.
Image Credit
The ruins of the cloister of the abbey of Fontcaude, 2010. Wikimedia.
Files
Collection
Citation
“Fontcaude,” A Premonstratensian Atlas, accessed October 16, 2026, https://yvonneseale.org/atlas/items/show/176.
